 Family Tree DNA: Genetic Testing Service Genetic testing will reveal your relationships to other families, other populations from Russia, and other ethnic groups. |
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Family Tree DNA: Genetic Testing Service Genetic testing will reveal your relationships to other families, other populations from Russia, and other ethnic groups. |
Many of the Bashkir people live in the Republic of Bashkortostan in the Russian Federation. This area is also known as Bashkiria. Some other Bashkirs live in other parts of Russia, mostly areas that are near Bashkortostan, including Tatarstan, Udmurtia, the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, and the Chelyabinsk, Orenburg, Samara, Sverdlovsk, and Kurgan oblasts.
The Bashkirs physically and genetically have a mixture of European and Asiatic traits, which is fitting because they live on both sides of the Ural Mountains geographically separating Europe and Asia. Fedorova's team found them to be 60.7% Caucasian and 39.3% Mongoloid. That makes them more Mongoloid than the Volga Tatars and Chuvashes but less Mongoloid than some Central Asian Turkic-speaking peoples like the Uyghurs and Kazakhs. Indeed, the Tatars and Chuvashes don't look as Mongoloid as the Bashkirs do, but the Kazakhs typically look very Mongoloid.
The Bashkir language is a member of the Kipchak subgroup of the Turkic language family.
Sardaana A. Fedorova, M. A. Bermisheva, Richard Villems, N. R. Maksimova, and E. K. Khusnutdinova. "Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA Lineages in Yakuts." Molecular Biology 37:4 (2003): pages 544-553. Translated from the Russian edition of the article that was published in Molekulyarnaya Biologiya 37:4 (2003) on pages 643-653. Although this is a study primarily about the Yakuts (a Turkic-speaking group living further east of the Bashkirs), Tables 2 and 3 include Bashkir mtDNA (maternal) haplogroup frequency distributions taken from 211 Bashkir samples. Table 3 (page 550) says the most common mtDNA haplogroup among the Bashkirs is U, found in 27.5% of those sampled. H was found in 14.2% and C was found in 12.8%. Less predominant are, in descending order, D (8.1%), F (6.2%), T (5.2%), G (4.7%), A (4.3%), J (3.3%), M* (1.0%). Other haplogroups were found in 12.7% of the Bashkirs studied. Table 2's "Gene pool component" columns for Bashkirs reveal their racial mix to be 60.7% Caucasian and 39.3% Mongoloid (page 549).
Some other mtDNA study (or average of multiple studies) of the Bashkirs came up with a higher frequency of H (22%), a slightly lower frequency of U (of which 2% were in U2, 15% were in U4, and 7.5% in U5), a lower frequency of T (3%), and a higher frequency of J (6%). It also itemized the mtDNA haplogroups K (2.5%), V (2%), I (0.5%), and W (0.5%), unlike Fedorova et al. which placed such haplogroups in its generic "Others" column.
Artyom Sergeevich Lobov. "Struktura genofonda subpopulyatsii bashkir." [Structure of the Gene Pool of Bashkir Subpopulations - original text in Russian] (Avtoreferat. Dissertatsii na soiskanie uchenoy stepeni kandidata biologicheskix nauk. Ufa, 2009). A total of 471 Bashkir men were tested for their Y-DNA (paternal) haplogroups. Of these, when the samples are taken as a whole without regard to geographic region, the most common Y-DNA haplogroup among the Bashkirs was R1b, within which 34.4% belonged to R1b1b2 (R1b1b2-M269) and 13.2% to R1b1b1. R1a1 (R-SRY10831.2) was found among 26.3%, and 17% had N1c (N1c-Tat). Less common were haplogroups like E-M35, C-M48, G-P15, L-M20, N-P43, O-M175, and several more. There were some regional divides. Bashkirs from the Perm and Baimakskiy regions have noticeably higher percentages of R1b1b2 compared to the other regions (83.7% in Perm, but much less often in places like Abzelilovsky and Burzyansky and zero percent in Sterlibashevsky), while they have less R1a1 compared to the other regions (only 9.3% in Perm compared to 48.0% in Saratov and Samara in the Samarskaya Oblast).
